Start with duty, record and medical causation
Licensing or regulatory non-compliance must be separated from any alleged unauthorised practice, falsification or harm offence.
What activity required authority, who performed or directed it, what licence existed and what product or patient consequence followed?
Independent expertise should identify the applicable specialty standard and limitations; it should not be asked to declare criminal guilt.
The unaltered clinical record matters first
Licences, staffing and role records, prescriptions, batch traceability, invoices, storage data, regulator correspondence and testing.
Clinical chronology
Reconstruct condition, decisions, interventions and response.
Individual duty
Distinguish practitioner, clinic, agency and executive roles.
Causation
Test competing medical explanations and legally assessed harm.
Articles that may enter the qualification
Illegal medical or pharmaceutical practice
Potentially relevant where unauthorised practice allegedly causes health damage or death; licensing, individual conduct and causation must be established.
Read full Article 246 text on this pageRead the relevant Criminal Code provisions
The panel below reproduces the available official English wording for convenient reading. Check the current Georgian text and the exact article part before relying on it, because later amendments may not yet appear in translation.
Article 246Illegal medical or pharmaceutical practice+
1. Illegal medical or pharmaceutical practice that results in health damage, –
shall be punished by a fine or imprisonment for up to three years.
2. The same act that has resulted in loss of human’s life, –
shall be punished by imprisonment for a term of three to seven years, with or without deprivation of the right to hold an office or to carry out activities for up to three years.
The consolidated official source is listed in the source section at the end of this guide.
Freeze the relevant operational records and map actual functions rather than job titles.
Primary sources for this guide
Before acting, compare this guide with the current Georgian text and the exact document served in the case. The official English translation may not include the latest amendment.
Official consolidated Criminal Code — current text & PDF↗︎Law on Health Care↗︎Law on Patient Rights↗︎